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fyi:useful_linux_commands [2009/10/22 13:33] admin |
fyi:useful_linux_commands [2012/06/15 10:18] (current) admin |
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| The following will help you get started with Linux on the SCS Network. It will only describe the very basics. For an in-depth look at Linux, the internal workings, and how the operating system works see the O'Reilly set of books in particular 'Essential System Administration' by Aeleen Frisch. | The following will help you get started with Linux on the SCS Network. It will only describe the very basics. For an in-depth look at Linux, the internal workings, and how the operating system works see the O'Reilly set of books in particular 'Essential System Administration' by Aeleen Frisch. | ||
| - | FIXME A lot of the content has not yet been moved to the new support site. For more information, please visit the [[http://proton.scs.carleton.ca/nethelp/linux_help.shtml|old linux help page]]. | + | <note>A lot of the content has not yet been moved to the new support site. For more information, please visit the [[http://www.scs.carleton.ca/nethelp/linux_help.shtml|old linux help page]].</note> |
| ==== Opening a Terminal Window==== | ==== Opening a Terminal Window==== | ||
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| | <code bash>whoami</code> | Display the name of the user that you are currently logged in as. | | | <code bash>whoami</code> | Display the name of the user that you are currently logged in as. | | ||
| | <code bash>ssh lambda02</code> | Use a secure, encrypted protocol to log into a different computer. You will get a command prompt on the remote computer. You can use ''exit'' to return to your original computer. | | | <code bash>ssh lambda02</code> | Use a secure, encrypted protocol to log into a different computer. You will get a command prompt on the remote computer. You can use ''exit'' to return to your original computer. | | ||
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| ==== Linux Text Editors ==== | ==== Linux Text Editors ==== | ||
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| There are many GUI Linux text editors available, which can be easier to use. Gnome includes an advanced text editor called “''gedit''” which can be found in the Applications menu under “Accessories → Text Editor”. | There are many GUI Linux text editors available, which can be easier to use. Gnome includes an advanced text editor called “''gedit''” which can be found in the Applications menu under “Accessories → Text Editor”. | ||
| - | If you are looking for a word processor, like Microsoft Word, try “Open Office”, which will be located in the “Office” section of the menu. | + | If you are looking for a word processor, like Microsoft Word, try “Open Office”, which will be located in the “Office” section of the menu. |
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| + | ==== SSH Without a Password ==== | ||
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| + | Sometimes you may want to be able to ssh (secure-shell) between linux hosts without typing your password. This can be useful when doing some sort of parallel programming, using lam or mpi, or just for convenience. Instead of entering a password, SSH can authenticate you using high-strength encryption keys. | ||
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| + | To set up passwordless ssh between SCS Linux hosts, run these commands: | ||
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| + | <code bash>ssh-keygen</code> | ||
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| + | The command will prompt you for a filename. Press Enter to accept the default ''id_rsa''. You will also be prompted for a passphrase. For passwordless ssh, press Enter without entering a passphrase. | ||
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| + | <code bash>cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys | ||
| + | chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys</code> | ||
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| + | This tells ssh that the key which was just generated has permission to access this computer. As all of the SCS network computers share the same home directory using NFS network mounts, this permission will be granted on all SCS computers. | ||
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| + | If your account is not NFS mounted you must scp (or copy) the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file to the destination host and account. | ||
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| + | You must now log into every SCS linux machine at least once to initialize the encryption key per host. After you logged in once you should be able to ssh to the host without typing your password. | ||